Logistics

Logistics & Incoterms

Understand the full trade flow from RFQ submission to final delivery, with the right logistics mode and Incoterms for each deal.

Post RFQ

From RFQ to Delivery

01

Buyer submits RFQ with quantity, specification, destination, and preferred timeline.

02

EMC team validates request details and aligns qualified suppliers.

03

Commercial offer is structured with pricing, lead time, and suggested Incoterms.

04

Buyer confirms order terms; supplier prepares production and shipping documents.

05

Shipment is arranged by the selected mode: air, ocean, rail, truck, and customs process.

06

Goods or services are delivered and closed with compliance and handover confirmation.

Logistics Types

Air Freight

Best for urgent orders, high-value cargo, and shorter transit windows.

Ocean Freight

Best for large-volume cargo and optimized landed cost over longer routes.

Rail Freight

Best for regional cross-border routes with balanced speed and cost for heavy cargo.

Truck Freight

Best for inland delivery, regional routes, and flexible door-to-door freight movement.

Customs Clearance

Ensures documentation accuracy, duty compliance, and smooth border clearance.

Incoterms at a Glance

Incoterms define responsibility, cost, and risk transfer points between seller and buyer.

EXW

Seller ResponsibilityMakes goods available at factory.

Buyer ResponsibilityHandles pickup, export, freight, import, and final delivery.

FOB

Seller ResponsibilityCovers export clearance and loading at origin port.

Buyer ResponsibilityPays ocean freight, insurance, import, and inland delivery.

CIF

Seller ResponsibilityPays cost, insurance, and freight to destination port.

Buyer ResponsibilityHandles import clearance and final inland delivery.

DDP

Seller ResponsibilityCovers almost all logistics and import duties to buyer location.

Buyer ResponsibilityReceives goods at named place with minimal logistics handling.

Incoterms Responsibility Diagram

Incoterms Responsibility Shape

EXWFactory
FOBOrigin Port
CIFDestination Port
DDPBuyer Site
Factory
Origin Port
Destination Port
Buyer Warehouse

Risk transfer point changes by Incoterm selection (EXW/FOB/CIF/DDP).

Always confirm named place and version (Incoterms 2020) in contract.